introduce some base math functions

src/math/wgs84.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import { Angle } from './angle';
+
+export class WGS84 {
+  /// @brief Calculates the Haversine distance
+  /// @param coordinate0 The first coordinate
+  /// @param coordinate1 The second coordinate
+  /// @return The haversine distance in metres
+  static distance(
+    coordinate0: { lat: number; lon: number },
+    coordinate1: { lat: number; lon: number },
+  ): number {
+    const lat0 = Angle.deg2rad(coordinate0.lat);
+    const lon0 = Angle.deg2rad(coordinate0.lon);
+    const lat1 = Angle.deg2rad(coordinate1.lat);
+    const lon1 = Angle.deg2rad(coordinate1.lon);
+    const earthRadius = 6371000;
+
+    const a =
+      0.5 -
+      Math.cos(lat1 - lat0) * 0.5 +
+      Math.cos(lat0) * Math.cos(lat1) * (1 - Math.cos(lon1 - lon0) * 0.5);
+
+    return 2 * earthRadius * Math.asin(Math.sqrt(a));
+  }
+}